As attitudes toward cannabis continue to shift across the United States, researchers and athletic organizations are paying closer attention to its potential therapeutic benefits—particularly for pain management among NCAA athletes. Emerging studies suggest that cannabis may offer relief from injury-related pain, muscle spasms, inflammation, and post-exercise soreness, prompting ongoing discussion around policy reform and safe use in collegiate sports.
Current Research and Key Findings
A recent presentation by Aquriya Muller, a master’s student at Jacksonville State University, highlighted several positive outcomes associated with cannabis use in athletic populations. Among the findings:
- Cannabis may help improve tissue oxygenation
- Reduces muscle spasms and joint inflammation
- Shows promise in managing chronic pain and improving sleep and recovery
- Athletes with conditions like fibromyalgia reported improvements in stiffness, relaxation, and overall wellbeing
These insights align with broader trends in sports medicine, where cannabis is increasingly being explored as an alternative to opioids and other traditional medications.
Source: Marijuana Moment
Another study examined how CBD and THC are being used by student-athletes:
- 60% of surveyed NCAA athletes reported using CBD for injury recovery or pain relief
- 49% said CBD was “somewhat effective,” though none rated it as “most effective”
- THC usage was less common but also used for pain, though findings showed mixed results in perceived effectiveness
Source: ERIC.ed.gov
What This Means for NCAA Athletes
These findings are driving a reevaluation of cannabis policy in college sports. The NCAA has recently acknowledged that cannabis is not performance-enhancing and is advocating for it to be treated similarly to alcohol in disciplinary policies.
While no official NCAA policy change has been enacted as of March 2025, the momentum toward a more balanced, health-centered approach is building—particularly as scientific data accumulates and public support grows.
States Where This Matters Most
The impact of this research varies depending on each state’s cannabis laws. As of now:
States with Legal Recreational & Medical Use:
- California, Colorado, Oregon, Nevada, Illinois, Michigan, New Jersey, New York, Massachusetts, and more
States with Legal Medical Use Only:
- Florida, Ohio, Pennsylvania, Minnesota, New Mexico, Connecticut, and others
For NCAA athletes in these states, access to medical or adult-use cannabis products may be easier, but it’s important to note that NCAA regulations still apply, regardless of local law. Individual schools may also impose additional restrictions.
Considerations & Recommendations
Despite growing support for cannabis as a therapeutic option, athletes should keep the following in mind:
- Effectiveness Varies: Not all users experience the same benefits, and more controlled studies are needed to determine optimal dosages and delivery methods.
- Know the Rules: Always stay updated on NCAA, conference, and university-specific cannabis policies.
- Consult Medical Professionals: Especially in a medical state, athletes should speak with a qualified physician before beginning any cannabis-based pain management regimen.
Final Thoughts
The discussion around cannabis and pain management in college athletics is just beginning. As studies continue to validate its potential benefits—and as laws evolve—student-athletes, medical staff, and administrators must work together to balance innovation, safety, and compliance.
With ongoing research and growing cultural acceptance, cannabis could soon become a more widely accepted and effective tool in the athletic recovery toolbox.